- The concept of value engineering was developed by Lawrence Miles
- This concept was devised as a result of the material shortage of certain finished products during the Second World War
- The only problem was the manufacturing process was running at full capacity through the shortage of goods.
- Lawrence Miles worked for General Electric or GE
- As he was not able to obtain any replacement material, it was quite necessary to obtain materials at maximum capacity
- Value engineering began with a team-based approach
- As it was more inclined towards engineering, the term “value engineering” was apt
- Instead of value engineering, value management was adopted in a broad and higher-order description
- Thus –
- Value Management(VM) – was defined as a larger spectrum of value techniques
- Value Planning (VP) – was defined as the planning phases of the project
- Value Engineering (VE) – techniques applied during an engineering phase of the project
Value engineering involves various parameters viz.
- Identify various elements of a product or service
- Analyze functions of an element
- Delivering alternate solutions for a function
- Assessing various alternate functions
- Allocating costs to alternative solutions
- Developing alternatives to drive high success rates
What is the definition of Value?
Value can be defined as product, service, or project performance. A good value product can be taken as a product with good performance.
What is the meaning of Value Engineering?
- Value engineering deals with focusing on a product or service at the most competitive pricing
- Value engineering deploys a combination of analytical and creative techniques to identify other ways to achieve objectives
- Value analysis or value engineering tends to make the product or process effective and profitable through the initial design phase. It should be noted that the technique of value engineering should never compromise product or service quality
Areas of application
- Automotive
- Aeronautical Engineering
- Civil Engineering
- Defense
- IT R&D
- Etc
The Value Engineering Job Plan
The VE phase consists of the –
Pre – Study
- Collect User Attributes
- Create data file
- Determine various factors
- Study the scope
- Build various data models
- Evaluate team composition
Value Study
Information Phase
- Finish Data Package
- Modify the scope
- Who are the owners?
- What is the requirement of these individuals?
Function Analysis Phase
- Function analysis based on identification, classification, cost, value index, and study.
Creative Phase
- Quantity of ideas by function
Create a spectrum of ideas with the widest possible range
Evaluation Phase
- Select and rate alternate ideas
- Best ideas will be used for the development
Development Phase
- This phase focuses on development viz. benefit analysis, data packages, implementation plan, and final proposals
- Recognize unique ideas
- Support and perfect your ideas
- Prepare an accurate cost estimate
- Analyze the risks
Presentation Phase
- Present various reports viz. Written and Oral
After Studies
- Complete the following changes
- Implement the changes
- Monitor the project status
Significance of Value engineering in the Construction domain
- The value aspect is measured in terms of cost and performance
- It can also be measured for other aspects like time, productivity, energy, etc
- This methodology is also applicable for construction projects and other soft areas viz, construction processes, healthcare, etc.
- Value engineering for construction projects like buildings, factory construction, sewage plants can be applied on a project-to-project timeline
- Every construction project is a onetime capital project, and value engineering must be applied in the initial phase of the design phase
- If there are changes in design, then it can be achieved through lesser redesign, lower implementation cost, schedule impacts, and more
- When value engineering is applied to construction engineering, it has clear benefits from a development point of view
- It aims at increasing value based on cost and time
- Maximizing a project function and reducing cost generates a “good value” for clients and developers
- In the design phase, the project team reviews the proposed project and performs functional analysis, defines key criteria, and provides alternative solutions
- The value engineering process consists of a workshop that includes the integration of –
- Information – Gather information during the initial phase viz. project objectives, key criterion, and defining value
- Speculation – Maximize function whilst reducing operating cost
- Evaluation – Brainstorm ideas that can or cannot be used
- Development – Workable proposals created on ideas that have passed the evaluation phase
- Presentation – Making a final presentation of the findings
Reasons for increased or poor costs and increased quality
- Information inadequacy
- Presence of temporary conditions
- Inaccurate findings or beliefs
- Very few ideas
- Technology changes
- Time Constraints
- Lack good coordination
BENEFITS OF ADOPTING VALUE ENGINEERING FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
REDUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION COSTS
- Construction projects have high function costs, these costs need to be reduced without sacrificing construction quality or using low-quality materials
- If materials are old, then better quality materials have to be adopted with an economical solution
Finishing the project before time
- Finishing the project on time can leverage significant cost reductions. It is not necessary to boost the production speed, but the process can begin earlier
Mitigating Mistakes in Project Drawings
- Value engineering uses 3-Dimensional projects to maintain the quality of the project
- Projects with errors can pose a negative value and are not suitable for the application, whilst projects with no or minimalistic errors are categorized as a positive effect in comparison to a negative effect
- A 3-dimensional project prevents errors to be mitigated in the architecture phase itself
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